Tư liệu chính

Mikhael Psellos, Chronographia.

Tư liệu phụ

• Kazhdan, Alexander biên tập (1991), Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6
• Norwich, John Julius. (1993), Byzantium: The Apogee, Penguin, ISBN 0-14-011448-3
• Canduci, Alexander. (2010), Triumph & Tragedy: The Rise and Fall of Rome's Immortal Emperors, Pier 9, ISBN 978-1-74196-598-8
• Garland, Lynda. "Zoe Porphyrogenita (wife of Romanus III, Constantine IX, and Michael IV)", De Imperatoribus Romanis (2006)
• Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society (Stanford University Press, 1997) ISBN 0-8047-2630-2
• Finlay, George. History of the Byzantine Empire from 716 – 1057, William Blackwood & Sons, 1853